In SQL Server, RAISERROR is used to generate a custom error message or “throw” an error back…
SQL ServerA collection of 35 posts
SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed and marketed by Microsoft. As a database server, the primary function of the SQL Server is to store and retrieve data used by other applications.
In SQL Server, TRY…CATCH is the standard mechanism for handling runtime errors. It allows you to “trap”…
In SQL Server, a CURSOR is a database object used to retrieve data from a result set…
In SQL Server, the CONTINUE statement is used to skip the remaining code inside a WHILE loop…
In SQL Server, the BREAK statement is used to exit a WHILE loop immediately. When the system…
A WHILE loop in SQL Server is used to execute a block of code repeatedly as long…
In SQL Server, the IF…ELSE statement is a control-of-flow keyword that allows you to execute specific blocks…
In SQL Server, BEGIN and END are keywords used to define a statement block. They group multiple…
An Output Parameter allows a stored procedure to pass a value back to the calling script or…
SQL Server variables are temporary storage locations used to hold data during the execution of a batch,…
Stored procedure parameters allow you to pass values into and out of a stored procedure, making it…
A stored procedure is a collection of SQL statements saved in the database and executed as a…
A CTE (Common Table Expression) is a temporary named result set that you can reference within a…
EXCEPT is a set operator that returns rows from the first SELECT statement that do NOT appear…
INTERSECT is a set operator that returns only the rows that appear in BOTH result sets of…
UNION is used to combine the result sets of two or more SELECT statements into one result…
GROUPING SETS is an advanced GROUP BY feature that lets you calculate multiple groupings in a single…
The HAVING clause is used to filter grouped records after the GROUP BY clause has been applied….
The GROUP BY clause is used to group rows that have the same values in one or…
The DELETE statement is used to remove rows from a table. Basic Syntax DELETE FROM table_name WHERE…
The UPDATE statement is used to modify existing rows in a table. 1.Basic Syntax UPDATE table_name SET…
The INSERT INTO … SELECT statement is used to insert data into a table by selecting it…
The INSERT statement is used to add new rows into a table. 1.Basic Syntax INSERT INTO table_name…
PIVOT is used to rotate rows into columns. Think of it as converting vertical data into horizontal…
CUBEÂ is an extension of the GROUP BYÂ clause that generates all possible subtotal combinations for the specified…
A Recursive CTE is a CTE that references itself to repeatedly execute a query until a condition…
CROSS APPLY is used to join a table with a table-valued function or a derived table. It…
A CROSS JOIN returns the Cartesian product of two tables. That means every row from the first…
A SELF JOIN is a join where a table is joined with itself. Useful for comparing rows…
A FULL OUTER JOIN returns all rows from both tables. If there is a match, it shows…
A RIGHT JOIN (or RIGHT OUTER JOIN) returns all rows from the right table and the matching…
A LEFT JOIN (or LEFT OUTER JOIN) returns all rows from the left table and the matching…
An INNER JOIN returns only the rows that have matching values in both tables. Non-matching rows from…
A JOIN is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column…
An alias is a temporary name given to a table or column in a SQL query. Aliases…
The LIKE operator is used in a WHERE clause to search for a specific pattern in a…
The BETWEEN operator is used in a WHERE clause to filter values within a range. Basic syntax:…
The IN operator is used in a WHERE clause to check if a value matches any value…
The OR operator is used in a WHERE clause to combine two or more conditions. A row…
The AND operator is used in a WHERE clause to combine two or more conditions. All conditions…
In SQL Server: NULL represents missing, unknown, or undefined data. NULL is not the same as 0…
Step 1: Understanding WHERE The WHERE clause is used to filter records in a SELECT, UPDATE, or…
Step 1: Understanding SELECT DISTINCT The DISTINCT keyword is used in a SELECT statement to remove duplicate…
The TOP clause is used to limit the number of rows returned by a query. Basic syntax:…
OFFSET and FETCH allow you to skip a number of rows and limit the number of rows…
The ORDER BY clause is used to sort the result set of a query by one or…
The SELECT statement is used to retrieve data from one or more tables in a database. Basic…